Research

The cost of Brexit, ten years on: The impact of leaving the customs union and single market on UK trade

The cost of Brexit, ten years on: The impact of leaving the customs union and single market on UK trade

18 June 2026
New CER modelling exercise shows that Brexit has substantially reduced the UK’s trade with the EU.
Rearming Europe for deterrence: Short-term priorities and policy options

Rearming Europe for deterrence: Short-term priorities and policy options

09 June 2026
There are key steps European governments can take in the next 1-2 years to accelerate rearmament, readiness and deterrence efforts.
Europe has produced tech champions: Here is what they can teach us

Europe has produced tech champions: Here is what they can teach us

27 May 2026
Despite the gloom about its place in the digital economy, Europe has produced tech leaders.
China shock 2.0: The cost of Germany's complacency

China shock 2.0: The cost of Germany's complacency

Sander Tordoir, Brad Setser
20 May 2026
Germany is ground zero of the second China shock, but Berlin is not fighting back, even as the shock erodes the country’s engineering sectors that are vital to its economic security.
The EU is trying to speak the language of power in Africa, but what is it saying?

The EU is trying to speak the language of power in Africa, but what is it saying?

01 May 2026
Africa is currently the continent with the largest number of armed conflicts in the world – over 50 – representing 40 per cent of all wars globally. This is a 45 per cent increase since 2020.
What Orbán’s departure means for Hungary and for Europe

What Orbán’s departure means for Hungary and for Europe

14 April 2026
Hungary’s voters have ended Viktor Orbán’s 16-year rule. Tisza’s win is a unique chance to restore democracy – and a time-limited opportunity for the EU to emerge stronger. 
Energy shock 2.0: Lessons from 2022 for the Hormuz crisis

Energy shock 2.0: Lessons from 2022 for the Hormuz crisis

13 April 2026
If the Strait of Hormuz stays closed, Europe will face as serious an energy crisis as it did in 2022. This time, energy poverty policies must be more targeted, and electrification more ambitious.
One year liberation day: The delusion of transatlantic economic divorce

One year liberation day: The delusion of transatlantic economic divorce

07 April 2026
A year after Liberation Day, Washington and Brussels are still fighting each other – not China.
WTO reform after Yaoundé: What next for the multilateral trade order?

WTO reform after Yaoundé: What next for the multilateral trade order?

02 April 2026
The failure of the WTO’s ‘reform ministerial’ deepens the strain on the global trade system. But it also points to a possible path for future co-operation among coalitions of the willing.
War in Iran: Who wins and who loses?

War in Iran: Who wins and who loses?

20 March 2026
The attack on Iran by the US and Israel is good news for Russia but bad news for Europe, including Ukraine, and ultimately for the US itself. China could emerge as a long-term winner. Europeans must look after their own interests, regardless of Trump’s wrath.

Articles

Rejoining customs union would not fix damage caused by Brexit, research finds

Rejoining customs union would not fix damage caused by Brexit, research finds

18 June 2026
The Guardian
Exclusive: Economists find Brexit caused 12% depression in UK exports, most of which is due to leaving single market

Industrie européenne : "La pression chinoise s'exerce sur trois fronts, c'est sans précédent !"

30 May 2026
L'Express
Le choc de compétitivité imposé par la Chine n’obéit pas aux règles habituelles. Pour résister, le Vieux Continent doit faire beaucoup plus, prévient l'économiste Sander Tordoir.
«Un retour à court terme du Royaume-Uni dans l’UE n’est politiquement pas réaliste»

«Un retour à court terme du Royaume-Uni dans l’UE n’est politiquement pas réaliste»

07 May 2026
Le Temps
Le premier ministre britannique, Keir Starmer, multiplie les mesures pour rapprocher son pays de Bruxelles, par «intérêt national» pour contrer les effets désastreux du Brexit. Mais la question européenne reste ultrasensible outre-Manche. L'analyse de Charles Grant, directeur du Centre for European Reform.
Taking the Pulse: Is it worth it for Europeans to placate Trump?

Taking the Pulse: Is it worth it for Europeans to placate Trump?

07 May 2026
Carnegie Europe
A year and change into President Trump’s second term, it has become abundantly clear that appeasement only leads to short-term wins.
Magyar is up against the clock in Hungary

Magyar is up against the clock in Hungary

16 April 2026
Financial Times
Brussels and Budapest have a rare and fleeting chance to improve Europe’s defence and correct the bloc’s dysfunction.
Viktor Orbán is gone. What does his fall mean for Europe?

Viktor Orbán is gone. What does his fall mean for Europe?

13 April 2026
The Guardian
Hungary’s return to democracy will be hard. But the impact of Péter Magyar’s decisive victory could be profound, inside the country and beyond.

Press

Ten years on, how the Brexit vote changed Britain

18 June 2026
The Economist
Brexit also triggered what John Springford, another economist, calls “an investment strike”. For decades, Britain has nearly always had the lowest capital investment in the G7. Brexit uncertainty compounded this, causing investment to flatline for six years.

Brexit has depressed UK exports to the EU by 12%

18 June 2026
The Guardian
Brexit has depressed UK exports to the EU by 12%, and rejoining the customs union would undo only a fraction of the damage, research shared with the Guardian shows. With the UK’s future relationship with the bloc likely to feature prominently in a potential Labour leadership contest, the economists John Springford and Anton Spisak, of the Centre for European Reform, provide fresh evidence of the damage caused by exiting.

Bailey: A decade of Brexit has been bad for the economy

18 June 2026
The Telegraph
Analysis by the Centre for European Reform (CER) showed the UK’s travel sector saw the biggest drop in services exports, which slumped by 39%, while the UK’s agricultural and food goods exports plunged by 29%. The think-tank warned that Sir Keir’s EU reset would do little to reverse this economic damage. The Prime Minister’s reset is focused on a series of targeted agreements that should ease frictions in sectors such as agriculture and food but will leave the vast majority of the Brexit trade losses unaddressed, CER said.

Brexit helps send UK plummeting down list of world’s strongest economies

18 June 2026
The Independent
Research seen by The Guardian has found goods exports to the bloc are 16 per cent lower than they would have been, while services sector exports are 7 per cent lower.  John Springford and Anton Spisak, of the Centre for European Reform, said the data shows the “overwhelming majority” has been caused by leaving the single market.

EU leaders to pick from menu of anti-China trade measures over summit dinner

17 June 2026
EU Observer
According to a widely-shared policy brief by the think-tank the Centre for European Reform (CER), China now accounts for roughly 30 per cent of global manufacturing output while consuming only 13 per cent of global output. 

Lielbritānija ir vairāk zaudējusi nekā ieguvusi pēc izstāšanās no Eiropas Savienības

17 June 2026
Latvijas Sabiedriskais Medijs
Bijušais Lielbritānijas vēstnieks Latvijā, domnīcas "Eiropas Reformu centrs" vadītāja vietnieks Īans Bonds atzīst, ka zaudējums valstij ir tas, ka Londona nebija pie sarunu galda svarīgu sarunu vai lēmumu pieņemšanas laikā.

China debate reaches boiling point as EU weighs tougher stance

16 June 2026
EurActiv
James Green, a research fellow at the Centre for European Reform, said China’s export-led growth model had amplified Europe’s wider economic difficulties, including high energy costs and US President Donald Trump’s sweeping tariffs on EU exports to the US.“If Chinese industry is a shark, then it is currently taking big bites out of European industry,” he said.

How Brexit has made Britain poorer

14 June 2026
The Guardian
 
John Springford, of the Centre for European Reform, said: “The investment strike started in 2016 and continued through to 2021-22, and then it started to rise again once certainty about the trading relationship had been established.
“That has an impact on productivity. It means workers don’t have the best kit, and existing capital [equipment and buildings] is deteriorating, so you certainly assign some of the GDP losses to that.
“Brexit is more a story of stagnation, and a slow puncture, than of recession and rising unemployment.”

Surging benefits bill pushes Germans into the arms of the far-Right

14 June 2026
The Telegraph
German goods are also struggling in China itself. Exports to China as a share of GDP have dropped 40pc in five years, which the Centre for European Reform reckons has cost 400,000 German jobs.

Podcasts

CER podcast: Unpacking Europe: Rearming Europe for deterrence

Ian Bond, Armida van Rij, Michael Martin Richter
10 June 2026
Ian Bond spoke with Armida van Rij and Michael Martin Richter about the new publication ‘Rearming Europe for deterrence’.

CER podcast: Unpacking Europe: The path to EU enlargement

Zselyke Csaky, Milan Nic
01 June 2026
Zselyke Csaky spoke with Milan Nic about where EU enlargement is headed.

CER podcast: Unpacking Europe: How Europe is responding in Lebanon and Palestine

Thomas Maddock, Zizette Darkazally, Schams El Ghoneimi
13 May 2026
Thomas Maddock spoke with Zizette Darkazally and Schams El Ghoneimi about Europe's response to conflict in Lebanon and Palestine.

CER podcast: Unpacking Europe: Is the EU-US trade deal unravelling?

Anton Spisak, Sam Lowe
06 May 2026
Anton Spisak spoke with Sam Lowe about the renewed EU-US trade tensions.

CER podcast: Unpacking Europe: Hungary's landslide election outcome

Zselyke Csaky, Zsuzsanna Szelényi
15 April 2026
Zselyke Csaky spoke with Zsuzsanna Szelényi about Hungary's landslide election outcome.

Events

Hybrid discussion on 'Brexit ten years on: Northern Ireland and its future' with Matthew O'Toole and Adam Payne

01 July 2026
Hybrid London/Zoom
With Matthew O'Toole and Adam Payne. Information on how to register here.

CER/Calibrate Management dinner on 'From fragmentation to partnership: Building Europe's Savings and Investment Union together'

16 June 2026
London
With Olaf Sleijpen, President, De Nederlandsche Bank. Read his speech here.

Breakfast on 'The future of Britain's defence industry: A role for Europe?'

16 June 2026
London
With Luke Pollard, UK Minister of State for Defence Readiness and Industry

CER/HSF discussion on 'Rearming Europe: Short-term priorities for personnel, public support and procurement'

09 June 2026
Brussels
With Andrius Avizius, Ionela Ciolan, Christophe Gomart, Benjamin Hartmann, Armida van Rij and Graham Webber

CER/Kreab breakfast on 'Leading Europe's agenda: Ireland's EU presidency in context'

03 June 2026
Brussels
With Aingeal O'Donoghue, Permanent Representative of Ireland to the EU