Pipelines, politics and power: The future of EU-Russia energy relations

Does the Kremlin use energy as a political weapon? Why is Russia’s oil and gas output stagnating? Can and should the EU try to reduce its dependence on Russian hydrocarbons? Are the EU and Russia engaged in a pipeline war? What does energy solidarity mean? What rules should govern EU-Russia energy relations? These are just some of the questions addressed in this report by more than a dozen eminent experts, officials and politicians. Russia is, and will remain for the foreseeable future, the EU’s single most important energy supplier. For Russia, the EU is by far the biggest and most lucrative market. Therefore, energy will remain at the heart of what is an increasingly difficult and complex relationship.